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Wallpaper with Gautama Buddha, also known as Siddhārtha Gautama, Shakyamuni.

According to tradition, the historical Buddha lived from 563 to 483 B.C., although scholars postulate that he may have lived as much as a century later. He was born to the rulers of the Shakya clan, hence his appellation Shakyamuni, which means “sage of the Shakya clan.” The legends that grew up around him hold that both his conception and birth were miraculous. His mother, Maya, conceived him when she dreamed that a white elephant entered her right side (1976.402). She gave birth to him in a standing position while grasping a tree in a garden (1987.417.1). The child emerged from Maya’s right side fully formed and proceeded to take seven steps. Once back in the palace, he was presented to an astrologer who predicted that he would become either a great king or a great religious teacher and he was given the name Siddhartha (“He who achieves His Goal”). His father, evidently thinking that any contact with unpleasantness might prompt Siddhartha to seek a life of renunciation as a religious teacher, and not wanting to lose his son to such a future, protected him from the realities of life.

The ravages of poverty, disease, and even old age were therefore unknown to Siddhartha, who grew up surrounded by every comfort in a sumptuous palace. At age twenty-nine, he made three successive chariot rides outside the palace grounds and saw an old person, a sick person, and a corpse, all for the first time. On the fourth trip, he saw a wandering holy man whose asceticism inspired Siddhartha to follow a similar path in search of freedom from the suffering caused by the infinite cycle of birth, death, and rebirth. Because he knew his father would try to stop him, Siddhartha secretly left the palace in the middle of the night (28.105) and sent all his belongings and jewelry back with his servant and horse. Completely abandoning his luxurious existence, he spent six years as an ascetic (1987.218.5), attempting to conquer the innate appetites for food, sex, and comfort by engaging in various yogic disciplines. Eventually near death from his vigilant fasting, he accepted a bowl of rice from a young girl. Once he had eaten, he had a realization that physical austerities were not the means to achieve spiritual liberation. At a place now known as Bodh Gaya (“enlightenment place”), he sat and meditated all night beneath a pipal tree. After defeating the forces of the demon Mara, Siddhartha reached enlightenment (1982.233) and became a Buddha (“enlightened one”) at the age of thirty-five.

The Buddha continued to sit after his enlightenment, meditating beneath the tree and then standing beside it for a number of weeks. During the fifth or sixth week, he was beset by heavy rains while meditating but was protected by the hood of the serpent king Muchilinda (1987.424.19ab). Seven weeks after his enlightenment, he left his seat under the tree and decided to teach others what he had learned, encouraging people to follow a path he called “The Middle Way,” which is one of balance rather than extremism. He gave his first sermon (1980.527.4) in a deer park in Sarnath, on the outskirts of the city of Benares. He soon had many disciples and spent the next forty-five years walking around northeastern India spreading his teachings. Although the Buddha presented himself only as a teacher and not as a god or object of worship, he is said to have performed many miracles during his lifetime (1979.511). Traditional accounts relate that he died at the age of eighty (2015.500.4.1) in Kushinagara, after ingesting a tainted piece of either mushroom or pork. His body was cremated and the remains distributed among groups of his followers. These holy relics were enshrined in large hemispherical burial mounds (1985.387), a number of which became important pilgrimage sites.

</div> <div jsname="WJz9Hc" style="display:none">Wallpaper dengan Gautama Buddha, juga dikenal sebagai Siddhartha Gautama, Shakyamuni.

Menurut tradisi, Buddha historis hidup 563-483 SM, meskipun ulama mendalilkan bahwa ia mungkin telah hidup sebanyak satu abad kemudian. Dia lahir untuk penguasa klan Shakya, maka sebutan nya Shakyamuni, yang berarti "bijak dari klan Shakya." Legenda yang tumbuh di sekelilingnya berpendapat bahwa kedua konsepsi dan kelahirannya yang ajaib. Ibunya, Maya, mengandungnya ketika dia bermimpi bahwa gajah putih memasuki sisi kanannya (1976,402). Dia melahirkan dia dalam posisi berdiri sementara menggenggam sebuah pohon di taman (1987.417.1). anak muncul dari sisi kanan Maya sepenuhnya terbentuk dan melanjutkan untuk mengambil tujuh langkah. Setelah kembali istana, ia telah disampaikan kepada seorang peramal yang meramalkan bahwa ia akan menjadi baik raja besar atau guru agama besar dan ia diberi nama Siddhartha ( "Dia yang mencapai Goal-Nya"). Ayahnya, jelas berpikir bahwa setiap kontak dengan ketidaknyamanan mungkin meminta Siddhartha untuk mencari kehidupan dari penolakan sebagai guru agama, dan tidak ingin kehilangan anaknya untuk masa depan seperti itu, melindunginya dari realitas kehidupan.

Kerusakan akibat kemiskinan, penyakit, dan bahkan usia tua karenanya diketahui Siddhartha, yang tumbuh dikelilingi oleh segala kenyamanan di sebuah istana mewah. Pada usia dua puluh sembilan, ia membuat tiga wahana kereta berturut luar istana dan melihat orang tua, orang sakit, dan mayat, semua untuk pertama kalinya. Pada perjalanan keempat, ia melihat orang suci berkeliaran yang asketisme terinspirasi Siddhartha untuk mengikuti jalan yang sama dalam mencari kebebasan dari penderitaan yang disebabkan oleh siklus tak terbatas kelahiran, kematian, dan kelahiran kembali. Karena ia tahu ayahnya akan mencoba untuk menghentikannya, Siddhartha diam-diam meninggalkan istana di tengah malam (28,105) dan dikirim semua barang-barang dan perhiasan nya kembali dengan hamba dan kudanya. Benar-benar meninggalkan keberadaan mewah, ia menghabiskan enam tahun sebagai seorang pertapa (1987.218.5), mencoba untuk menaklukkan selera bawaan untuk makanan, seks, dan kenyamanan dengan terlibat dalam berbagai disiplin ilmu yoga. Akhirnya dekat kematian dari puasa waspada, ia menerima semangkuk nasi dari seorang gadis muda. Setelah ia makan, ia memiliki kesadaran bahwa pertapaan fisik tidak sarana untuk mencapai pembebasan spiritual. Di tempat yang sekarang dikenal sebagai Bodh Gaya ( "tempat pencerahan"), dia duduk dan bermeditasi sepanjang malam di bawah pohon pipal. Setelah mengalahkan kekuatan iblis Mara, Siddhartha mencapai pencerahan (1982.233) dan menjadi Buddha ( "tercerahkan satu") pada usia tiga puluh lima.

Sang Buddha terus duduk setelah pencerahannya, bermeditasi di bawah pohon dan kemudian berdiri di samping itu untuk beberapa minggu. Selama minggu kelima atau keenam, ia dilanda hujan lebat saat bermeditasi tetapi dilindungi oleh kap raja ular Muchilinda (1987.424.19ab). Tujuh minggu setelah pencerahan, dia meninggalkan tempat duduknya di bawah pohon dan memutuskan untuk mengajar orang lain apa yang telah ia pelajari, mendorong orang untuk mengikuti jalan yang ia sebut "The Tengah Way," yang merupakan salah satu keseimbangan daripada ekstremisme. Dia memberi khotbah pertamanya (1980.527.4) di taman rusa di Sarnath, di pinggiran kota Benares. Dia segera memiliki banyak murid dan menghabiskan empat puluh lima tahun berjalan di sekitar timur laut India menyebarkan ajarannya. Meskipun Buddha disajikan dirinya hanya sebagai guru, bukan sebagai dewa atau obyek penyembahan, ia dikatakan telah melakukan banyak mujizat selama hidupnya (1979,511). account tradisional berhubungan bahwa ia meninggal pada usia delapan puluh (2015.500.4.1) di Kushinagara, setelah menelan sepotong tercemar baik jamur atau babi. Tubuhnya dikremasi dan sisa-sisa didistribusikan di antara kelompok-kelompok pengikutnya. Peninggalan suci yang diabadikan dalam gundukan besar hemispherical pemakaman (1985.387), sejumlah yang menjadi situs ziarah penting.</div> <div class="show-more-end">

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